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Nike-Stellung Mainbullau

Cold War hilltop site where the US Army kept Nike anti-aircraft missiles on alert above Mainbullau.

High above Mainbullau, on the forested Steinkopf hill, the US military operated a Nike missile air-defense site throughout the Cold War.

At a Glance

Type
Former US Army Cold War missile launch site
Location
About 1.5 km west-northwest of Mainbullau, a district of Miltenberg (Miltenberg district, Bavaria)
Site
464-meter Steinkopf hill in the Buntsandstein Odenwald
Layout
Linear, stretched along a 1.5 km west–east axis
Structure
Three distinct areas from west to east
Garrison
B Battery, roughly 80 to 130 soldiers

Layout of the Site

The installation was divided into three sections along its west–east axis. At the summit lay the IFC (Integrated Fire Control) area with its radar systems, followed by the residential area with barracks and vehicle maintenance buildings, and finally the launch area at the edge of Mainbullau's fields. The launch area included buildings for warhead and missile maintenance, storage bunkers, several hangars for launcher trailers, and paved launch pads.

Access

The ridge rises above the valley of the Ohrenbach stream, which slopes away to the southwest. A paved spur road connected the site to Mainbullau, while a 4.2-kilometer military road bypassed the village itself, branching off the county road MIL5 near the Heunensäulen and running along the northern slope of the Bullauer Berg.

History

From the second half of the 1950s, US forces deployed the Nike system across Europe to counter high-flying, nuclear-armed Warsaw Pact bombers, first with Nike Ajax and later with Nike Hercules missiles, which could themselves carry nuclear warheads. An initially planned site near Vielbrunn, close to the existing Hainhaus munitions depot, was rejected by local authorities due to the loss of valuable farmland, leading to the choice of the wooded area near Mainbullau instead. The site was manned by B Battery of the 1st Battalion, 67th Air Defense Artillery.

Later Use

After the Nike Hercules missiles were withdrawn in mid-1969, the site lay unused for about a decade. In the early 1970s it was briefly considered as a QRA (Quick Reaction Alert) zone for the Pershing I nuclear-armed short-range ballistic missile unit 3rd Bn, 84th FA of the 56th Field Artillery Brigade from Neckarsulm, under the NATO designation "Interim Pershing Site 19." From 1979, alongside the expansion of the Hainhaus depot, the 2043rd CSG (Ord) moved into the barracks—US Army civilian employees responsible for maintaining munitions at the Hainhaus (PSP 5J) and Wertheim (PSP 6J) depots. The military abandoned the site in 1992.

Today

The site and its surviving buildings are now used mainly by Maxiholz GmbH to produce wood chips. The shooting range at the former fire control area serves members of the German Hunting Association. An attempt in the 2000s to build wind turbines on the former IFC area ultimately came to nothing.

Map

Blue dots: other places nearby — tap to explore.

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Auto-generated, last verified: 2026-07-13

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